Earth Observation

Land Use & Land Cover Mapping

National-scale land use and land cover mapping using multi-temporal Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and machine learning classification.

Forest / VegetationAgricultureWater BodiesUrbanBare Land
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Project Overview

A national-scale land use and land cover (LULC) mapping project using multi-temporal Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. The project produced a classified map at 10m resolution covering 5 primary and 18 secondary land cover classes, updated annually to track change over a 5-year baseline period.

Technical Approach

Classification was performed using a Random Forest machine learning algorithm trained on field-verified ground truth samples. Multi-temporal composites were generated to capture seasonal vegetation dynamics and improve class separability.

  • Sentinel-2 L2A imagery (10m resolution)
  • Multi-temporal seasonal composites
  • Random Forest classification
  • 18 LULC classes (CORINE Level 3 compatible)
  • Change detection 2018–2023
  • Accuracy assessment: OA >87%, Kappa >0.84

Land Cover Classes

The classification includes: broadleaf forest, coniferous forest, mixed forest, scrubland, natural grassland, agricultural land, vineyards, orchards, urban fabric, industrial areas, transport infrastructure, wetlands, rivers, lakes and bare rock.

Deliverables

GeoTIFF classified maps, accuracy assessment report, change detection analysis, area statistics by administrative unit, and a QGIS-ready map package — all delivered in both national coordinate system and WGS84.

Project Details

📍South-East European Country
📅2023
6 months
🤝National Environment Agency
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